fix(backup-config): throw if include patterns have un-supported characters

apps/agent/src/commands/helpers/__tests__/backup.helpers.test.ts

@@ -130,6 +130,37 @@ describe("backup path options", () => {
 		).toThrow("Include pattern escapes volume root");
 	});
 
+	test("rejects unsupported characters in selected include paths", () => {
+		const volumePath = "/var/lib/zerobyte/volumes/vol123/_data";
+
+		expect(() => createOptions(createPathOptions({ includePaths: ["/Photos\0/etc/passwd"] }), volumePath)).toThrow(
+			"Include path contains an unsupported path character",
+		);
+	});
+
+	test("allows line breaks in selected include paths", () => {
+		const volumePath = "/var/lib/zerobyte/volumes/vol123/_data";
+		const options = createOptions(
+			createPathOptions({ includePaths: ["/Photos\n2026", "/Photos\r2025"] }),
+			volumePath,
+		);
+
+		expect(options.includePaths).toEqual([
+			path.join(volumePath, "Photos\n2026"),
+			path.join(volumePath, "Photos\r2025"),
+		]);
+	});
+
+	test("rejects unsupported characters in include patterns", () => {
+		const volumePath = "/var/lib/zerobyte/volumes/vol123/_data";
+
+		for (const includePattern of ["/Photos\0/etc/passwd", "/Photos\n/etc/passwd", "/Photos\r/etc/passwd"]) {
+			expect(() => createOptions(createPathOptions({ includePatterns: [includePattern] }), volumePath)).toThrow(
+				"Include pattern contains an unsupported path character",
+			);
+		}
+	});
+
 	test("anchors generated include patterns under the volume path", () => {
 		const volumePath = "/var/lib/zerobyte/volumes/vol123/_data";
 

apps/agent/src/commands/helpers/backup.helpers.ts

@@ -1,8 +1,15 @@
 import path from "node:path";
 import type { BackupRunPayload } from "@zerobyte/contracts/agent-protocol";
+import { hasPathListSeparator } from "@zerobyte/core/utils";
 
 type BackupOptions = BackupRunPayload["options"];
 
+const validateIncludeEntry = (entry: string, name: string, format: "raw" | "text") => {
+	if (hasPathListSeparator(entry, format)) {
+		throw new Error(`${name} contains an unsupported path character: ${entry}`);
+	}
+};
+
 export const processPattern = (pattern: string, volumePath: string, relative = false) => {
 	const isNegated = pattern.startsWith("!");
 	const p = isNegated ? pattern.slice(1) : pattern;
@@ -41,8 +48,16 @@ export const createBackupOptions = (
 	signal,
 	exclude: params.options.excludePatterns?.map((p) => processPattern(p, volumePath)) ?? undefined,
 	excludeIfPresent: params.options.excludeIfPresent ?? undefined,
-	includePaths: params.options.includePaths?.map((p) => processPattern(p, volumePath, true)) ?? undefined,
+	includePaths:
-	includePatterns: params.options.includePatterns?.map((p) => processPattern(p, volumePath, true)) ?? undefined,
+		params.options.includePaths?.map((p) => {
+			validateIncludeEntry(p, "Include path", "raw");
+			return processPattern(p, volumePath, true);
+		}) ?? undefined,
+	includePatterns:
+		params.options.includePatterns?.map((p) => {
+			validateIncludeEntry(p, "Include pattern", "text");
+			return processPattern(p, volumePath, true);
+		}) ?? undefined,
 	customResticParams: params.options.customResticParams ?? [],
 	compressionMode: params.options.compressionMode,
 });

packages/core/src/restic/commands/__tests__/backup.test.ts

@@ -158,6 +158,74 @@ describe("backup command", () => {
 			expect(patternIncludeContent).toBe("/mnt/data/**/*.zip");
 		});
 
+		test("writes raw include paths containing line breaks as single entries", async () => {
+			const lineBreakDir = "/mnt/data/photos\n2026";
+			const carriageReturnDir = "/mnt/data/photos\r2025";
+			let rawIncludeContent = "";
+			setup({
+				onSpawnCall: async (params) => {
+					const rawIncludeIndex = params.args.indexOf("--files-from-raw");
+
+					if (rawIncludeIndex > -1) {
+						rawIncludeContent = await Bun.file(params.args[rawIncludeIndex + 1]!).text();
+					}
+				},
+			});
+
+			await runBackup(
+				config,
+				"/mnt/data",
+				{
+					organizationId: "org-1",
+					includePaths: [lineBreakDir, carriageReturnDir],
+				},
+				mockDeps,
+			);
+
+			expect(rawIncludeContent).toBe(`${lineBreakDir}\0${carriageReturnDir}\0`);
+		});
+
+		test("rejects unsupported characters before writing raw include files", async () => {
+			const { getArgs } = setup();
+
+			const error = await runBackupError(
+				config,
+				"/mnt/data",
+				{
+					organizationId: "org-1",
+					includePaths: ["/mnt/data/safe\0/etc/passwd"],
+					includePatterns: ["/mnt/data/**/*.zip"],
+				},
+				mockDeps,
+			);
+
+			expect(String(error.message)).toContain("includePaths contains an unsupported path character");
+			expect(getArgs()).toEqual([]);
+		});
+
+		test("rejects unsupported characters before writing include pattern files", async () => {
+			const { getArgs } = setup();
+
+			for (const includePattern of [
+				"/mnt/data/safe\0/etc/passwd",
+				"/mnt/data/safe\n/etc/passwd",
+				"/mnt/data/safe\r/etc/passwd",
+			]) {
+				const error = await runBackupError(
+					config,
+					"/mnt/data",
+					{
+						organizationId: "org-1",
+						includePatterns: [includePattern],
+					},
+					mockDeps,
+				);
+
+				expect(String(error.message)).toContain("includePatterns contains an unsupported path character");
+				expect(getArgs()).toEqual([]);
+			}
+		});
+
 		test("always includes DEFAULT_EXCLUDES as --exclude args", async () => {
 			const { getOptionValues } = setup();
 			await runBackup(config, "/mnt/data", { organizationId: "org-1" }, mockDeps);
@@ -232,7 +300,9 @@ describe("backup command", () => {
 
 			const error = await runBackupError(config, "/mnt/data", { organizationId: "org-1" }, mockDeps);
 			expect(error).toBeInstanceOf(ResticError);
-			expect((error as ResticError).summary).toBe("Command failed: An error occurred while executing the command.");
+			expect((error as ResticError).summary).toBe(
+				"Command failed: An error occurred while executing the command.",
+			);
 			expect((error as ResticError).details).toBe(
 				"Permissions 0755 for '/tmp/zerobyte-ssh-key' are too open.\nThis private key will be ignored.",
 			);
@@ -327,7 +397,8 @@ describe("backup command", () => {
 		test("ignores valid JSON lines that do not match the progress schema", async () => {
 			const progressUpdates: unknown[] = [];
 			setup({
-				onSpawnCall: (params) => params.onStdout?.(JSON.stringify({ message_type: "verbose_status", action: "scan" })),
+				onSpawnCall: (params) =>
+					params.onStdout?.(JSON.stringify({ message_type: "verbose_status", action: "scan" })),
 			});
 
 			await runBackup(

packages/core/src/restic/commands/backup.ts

@@ -13,13 +13,21 @@ import { validateCustomResticParams } from "../helpers/validate-custom-params";
 import { createResticError, isResticError } from "../error";
 import { logger, safeSpawn } from "../../node";
 import type { ResticDeps } from "../types";
-import { toMessage } from "../../utils";
+import { hasPathListSeparator, toMessage } from "../../utils";
 
 class ResticBackupCommandError extends Data.TaggedError("ResticBackupCommandError")<{
 	cause: unknown;
 	message: string;
 }> {}
 
+const validateEntries = (entries: string[], optionName: string, format: "raw" | "text") => {
+	for (const entry of entries) {
+		if (hasPathListSeparator(entry, format)) {
+			throw new Error(`${optionName} contains an unsupported path character: ${entry}`);
+		}
+	}
+};
+
 export const backup = (
 	config: RepositoryConfig,
 	source: string,
@@ -41,7 +49,6 @@ export const backup = (
 	return Effect.tryPromise({
 		try: async () => {
 			const repoUrl = buildRepoUrl(config);
-			const env = await buildEnv(config, options.organizationId, deps);
 
 			const args: string[] = ["--repo", repoUrl, "backup", "--compression", options.compressionMode ?? "auto"];
 
@@ -66,6 +73,8 @@ export const backup = (
 				(!options.includePatterns || options.includePatterns.length === 0);
 
 			if (options.includePatterns?.length) {
+				validateEntries(options.includePatterns, "includePatterns", "text");
+
 				const tmp = await fs.mkdtemp(path.join(os.tmpdir(), "zerobyte-restic-include-"));
 				includeFile = path.join(tmp, "include.txt");
 
@@ -75,6 +84,8 @@ export const backup = (
 			}
 
 			if (options.includePaths?.length) {
+				validateEntries(options.includePaths, "includePaths", "raw");
+
 				const tmp = await fs.mkdtemp(path.join(os.tmpdir(), "zerobyte-restic-include-raw-"));
 				rawIncludeFile = path.join(tmp, "include.raw");
 
@@ -114,6 +125,7 @@ export const backup = (
 				}
 			}
 
+			const env = await buildEnv(config, options.organizationId, deps);
 			addCommonArgs(args, env, config);
 
 			if (usesSourceArg) {

packages/core/src/utils/__tests__/path.test.ts

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 import path from "node:path";
 import fc from "fast-check";
 import { describe, expect, test } from "vitest";
-import { isPathWithin, normalizeAbsolutePath } from "../path";
+import { hasPathListSeparator, isPathWithin, normalizeAbsolutePath } from "../path";
 
 const safePathSegmentArb = fc
 	.array(fc.constantFrom("a", "b", "c", "x", "y", "z", "0", "1", "2", "-", "_", ".", " "), {
@@ -80,12 +80,32 @@ describe("isPathWithin", () => {
 
 	test("matches descendants created under the same normalized base", () => {
 		fc.assert(
-			fc.property(fc.string({ maxLength: 80 }), fc.array(safePathSegmentArb, { maxLength: 5 }), (base, segments) => {
+			fc.property(
+				fc.string({ maxLength: 80 }),
+				fc.array(safePathSegmentArb, { maxLength: 5 }),
+				(base, segments) => {
 					const normalizedBase = normalizeAbsolutePath(base);
 					const descendant = path.posix.join(normalizedBase, ...segments);
 
 					expect(isPathWithin(base, descendant)).toBe(true);
-			}),
+				},
+			),
 		);
 	});
 });
+
+describe("path list character support", () => {
+	test("allows line breaks in raw path lists", () => {
+		expect(hasPathListSeparator("Photos", "raw")).toBe(false);
+		expect(hasPathListSeparator("Photos\nSecrets", "raw")).toBe(false);
+		expect(hasPathListSeparator("Photos\rSecrets", "raw")).toBe(false);
+		expect(hasPathListSeparator("Photos\0Secrets", "raw")).toBe(true);
+	});
+
+	test("rejects line breaks in text path lists", () => {
+		expect(hasPathListSeparator("Photos", "text")).toBe(false);
+		expect(hasPathListSeparator("Photos\0Secrets", "text")).toBe(true);
+		expect(hasPathListSeparator("Photos\nSecrets", "text")).toBe(true);
+		expect(hasPathListSeparator("Photos\rSecrets", "text")).toBe(true);
+	});
+});

packages/core/src/utils/index.ts

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
 export { safeJsonParse } from "./json.js";
 export { toErrorDetails, toMessage } from "./errors.js";
-export { isPathWithin, normalizeAbsolutePath } from "./path.js";
+export { hasPathListSeparator, isPathWithin, normalizeAbsolutePath } from "./path.js";
 export { findCommonAncestor } from "./common-ancestor.js";

packages/core/src/utils/path.ts

@@ -52,6 +52,11 @@ export const isPathWithin = (base: string, target: string): boolean => {
 	const normalizedTarget = normalizeAbsolutePath(target);
 
 	return (
-		normalizedBase === "/" || normalizedTarget === normalizedBase || normalizedTarget.startsWith(`${normalizedBase}/`)
+		normalizedBase === "/" ||
+		normalizedTarget === normalizedBase ||
+		normalizedTarget.startsWith(`${normalizedBase}/`)
 	);
 };
+
+export const hasPathListSeparator = (value: string, format: "raw" | "text") =>
+	value.includes("\u0000") || (format === "text" && (value.includes("\n") || value.includes("\r")));