refactor: snapshot strip out base path (#542)

* refactor: strip out volume path in snapshot list / restore

chore: lint issue

* test: backups new include patterns

app/client/components/restore-form.tsx

@@ -21,25 +21,24 @@ import { RestoreProgress } from "~/client/components/restore-progress";
 import { restoreSnapshotMutation } from "~/client/api-client/@tanstack/react-query.gen";
 import { type RestoreCompletedEvent, useServerEvents } from "~/client/hooks/use-server-events";
 import { OVERWRITE_MODES, type OverwriteMode } from "~/schemas/restic";
-import type { Repository, Snapshot } from "~/client/lib/types";
+import type { Repository } from "~/client/lib/types";
 import { handleRepositoryError } from "~/client/lib/errors";
 import { useNavigate } from "@tanstack/react-router";
-import { findCommonAncestor } from "~/utils/common-ancestor";
 
 type RestoreLocation = "original" | "custom";
 
 interface RestoreFormProps {
-	snapshot: Snapshot;
 	repository: Repository;
 	snapshotId: string;
 	returnPath: string;
+	basePath?: string;
 }
 
-export function RestoreForm({ snapshot, repository, snapshotId, returnPath }: RestoreFormProps) {
+export function RestoreForm({ repository, snapshotId, returnPath, basePath }: RestoreFormProps) {
 	const navigate = useNavigate();
 	const { addEventListener } = useServerEvents();
 
-	const volumeBasePath = findCommonAncestor(snapshot.paths);
+	const volumeBasePath = basePath ?? "/";
 
 	const [restoreLocation, setRestoreLocation] = useState<RestoreLocation>("original");
 	const [customTargetPath, setCustomTargetPath] = useState("");

app/client/lib/volume-path.test.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+import { describe, expect, test } from "bun:test";
+import { getVolumeMountPath } from "./volume-path";
+import { fromAny } from "@total-typescript/shoehorn";
+
+describe("getVolumeMountPath", () => {
+	test("returns the configured path for directory volumes", () => {
+		const volume = {
+			shortId: "abc123",
+			config: {
+				backend: "directory",
+				path: "/mnt/data/projects",
+			},
+		};
+
+		expect(getVolumeMountPath(fromAny(volume))).toBe("/mnt/data/projects");
+	});
+
+	test("returns the mounted data path for non-directory volumes", () => {
+		const volume = {
+			shortId: "vol789",
+			config: {
+				backend: "nfs",
+			},
+		};
+
+		expect(getVolumeMountPath(fromAny(volume))).toBe("/var/lib/zerobyte/volumes/vol789/_data");
+	});
+});

app/client/lib/volume-path.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+import type { Volume } from "./types";
+
+const VOLUME_MOUNT_BASE = "/var/lib/zerobyte/volumes";
+
+export const getVolumeMountPath = (volume: Volume): string => {
+	if (volume.config.backend === "directory") {
+		return volume.config.path;
+	}
+
+	return `${VOLUME_MOUNT_BASE}/${volume.shortId}/_data`;
+};

app/client/modules/backups/components/snapshot-file-browser.tsx

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 import { RotateCcw, Trash2 } from "lucide-react";
+import { useQuery } from "@tanstack/react-query";
 import { Card, CardContent, CardDescription, CardHeader, CardTitle } from "~/client/components/ui/card";
 import { Button, buttonVariants } from "~/client/components/ui/button";
 import type { Snapshot } from "~/client/lib/types";
@@ -6,20 +7,63 @@ import { formatDateTime } from "~/client/lib/datetime";
 import { cn } from "~/client/lib/utils";
 import { Link } from "@tanstack/react-router";
 import { SnapshotTreeBrowser } from "~/client/components/file-browsers/snapshot-tree-browser";
-import { findCommonAncestor } from "~/utils/common-ancestor";
+import { getBackupScheduleOptions } from "~/client/api-client/@tanstack/react-query.gen";
+import { getVolumeMountPath } from "~/client/lib/volume-path";
 
 interface Props {
 	snapshot: Snapshot;
 	repositoryId: string;
 	backupId?: string;
+	basePath?: string;
 	onDeleteSnapshot?: (snapshotId: string) => void;
 	isDeletingSnapshot?: boolean;
 }
 
-export const SnapshotFileBrowser = (props: Props) => {
+const treeProps = {
-	const { snapshot, repositoryId, backupId, onDeleteSnapshot, isDeletingSnapshot } = props;
+	pageSize: 500,
+	className: "flex flex-1 min-h-0 flex-col",
+	treeContainerClassName: "overflow-auto flex-1 min-h-0 border border-border rounded-md bg-card m-4",
+	treeClassName: "px-2 py-2",
+	emptyMessage: "No files in this snapshot",
+	stateClassName: "flex-1 min-h-0",
+} as const;
 
-	const volumeBasePath = findCommonAncestor(snapshot.paths);
+interface ScheduleAwareTreeBrowserProps {
+	scheduleShortId: string;
+	repositoryId: string;
+	snapshotId: string;
+}
+
+const ScheduleAwareTreeBrowser = ({ scheduleShortId, repositoryId, snapshotId }: ScheduleAwareTreeBrowserProps) => {
+	const { data: schedule, isPending } = useQuery({
+		...getBackupScheduleOptions({ path: { scheduleId: scheduleShortId } }),
+		retry: false,
+	});
+
+	if (isPending) {
+		return <TreeBrowserFallback />;
+	}
+
+	return (
+		<SnapshotTreeBrowser
+			repositoryId={repositoryId}
+			snapshotId={snapshotId}
+			basePath={schedule ? getVolumeMountPath(schedule.volume) : "/"}
+			{...treeProps}
+		/>
+	);
+};
+
+const TreeBrowserFallback = () => (
+	<div className={cn(treeProps.treeContainerClassName, "flex items-center justify-center")}>
+		<p className="text-muted-foreground">Loading volume info...</p>
+	</div>
+);
+
+export const SnapshotFileBrowser = (props: Props) => {
+	const { snapshot, repositoryId, backupId, basePath, onDeleteSnapshot, isDeletingSnapshot } = props;
+
+	const scheduleShortId = !basePath ? backupId || snapshot.tags?.[0] : undefined;
 
 	return (
 		<div className="space-y-4">
@@ -65,18 +109,27 @@ export const SnapshotFileBrowser = (props: Props) => {
 					</div>
 				</CardHeader>
 				<CardContent className="flex-1 overflow-hidden flex flex-col p-0">
-					<SnapshotTreeBrowser
+					{basePath ? (
-						repositoryId={repositoryId}
+						<SnapshotTreeBrowser
-						snapshotId={snapshot.short_id}
+							repositoryId={repositoryId}
-						basePath={volumeBasePath}
+							snapshotId={snapshot.short_id}
-						pageSize={500}
+							basePath={basePath}
-						className="flex flex-1 min-h-0 flex-col"
+							{...treeProps}
-						treeContainerClassName="overflow-auto flex-1 min-h-0 border border-border rounded-md bg-card m-4"
+						/>
-						treeClassName="px-2 py-2"
+					) : scheduleShortId ? (
-						loadingMessage="Loading files..."
+						<ScheduleAwareTreeBrowser
-						emptyMessage="No files in this snapshot"
+							scheduleShortId={scheduleShortId}
-						stateClassName="flex-1 min-h-0"
+							repositoryId={repositoryId}
-					/>
+							snapshotId={snapshot.short_id}
+						/>
+					) : (
+						<SnapshotTreeBrowser
+							repositoryId={repositoryId}
+							snapshotId={snapshot.short_id}
+							basePath="/"
+							{...treeProps}
+						/>
+					)}
 				</CardContent>
 			</Card>
 		</div>

app/client/modules/repositories/routes/restore-snapshot.tsx

@@ -1,15 +1,15 @@
 import { RestoreForm } from "~/client/components/restore-form";
-import type { Repository, Snapshot } from "~/client/lib/types";
+import type { Repository } from "~/client/lib/types";
 
 type Props = {
-	snapshot: Snapshot;
 	repository: Repository;
 	snapshotId: string;
 	returnPath: string;
+	basePath?: string;
 };
 
 export function RestoreSnapshotPage(props: Props) {
-	const { snapshot, returnPath, snapshotId, repository } = props;
+	const { returnPath, snapshotId, repository, basePath } = props;
 
-	return <RestoreForm snapshot={snapshot} repository={repository} snapshotId={snapshotId} returnPath={returnPath} />;
+	return <RestoreForm repository={repository} snapshotId={snapshotId} returnPath={returnPath} basePath={basePath} />;
 }

app/client/modules/repositories/routes/snapshot-details.tsx

@@ -12,6 +12,7 @@ import { BackupSummaryCard } from "~/client/components/backup-summary-card";
 import { useState } from "react";
 import { Database } from "lucide-react";
 import { Link, useParams } from "@tanstack/react-router";
+import { getVolumeMountPath } from "~/client/lib/volume-path";
 
 export const SnapshotError = () => {
 	const { repositoryId } = useParams({ from: "/(dashboard)/repositories/$repositoryId/$snapshotId/" });
@@ -33,23 +34,20 @@ export const SnapshotError = () => {
 	);
 };
 
-const FilebrowserFallback = ({ repositoryId, snapshotId }: { repositoryId: string; snapshotId: string }) => {
+const SnapshotFileBrowserSkeleton = () => (
-	return (
+	<div className="space-y-4">
-		<SnapshotFileBrowser
+		<Card className="h-150 flex flex-col">
-			repositoryId={repositoryId}
+			<CardHeader>
-			snapshot={{
+				<CardTitle>File Browser</CardTitle>
-				duration: 0,
+			</CardHeader>
-				paths: [],
+			<CardContent className="flex-1 overflow-hidden flex flex-col p-0">
-				short_id: snapshotId,
+				<div className="overflow-auto flex-1 min-h-0 border border-border rounded-md bg-card m-4 flex flex-col items-center justify-center p-6 text-center">
-				size: 0,
+					<p className="text-muted-foreground">Loading snapshot...</p>
-				tags: [],
+				</div>
-				time: 0,
+			</CardContent>
-				hostname: "",
+		</Card>
-				retentionCategories: [],
+	</div>
-			}}
+);
-		/>
-	);
-};
 
 export function SnapshotDetailsPage({ repositoryId, snapshotId }: { repositoryId: string; snapshotId: string }) {
 	const [showAllPaths, setShowAllPaths] = useState(false);
@@ -65,7 +63,7 @@ export function SnapshotDetailsPage({ repositoryId, snapshotId }: { repositoryId
 	const { data, error } = useQuery({
 		...getSnapshotDetailsOptions({ path: { id: repositoryId, snapshotId: snapshotId } }),
 	});
-	const backupSchedule = schedules?.find((s) => data?.tags.includes(s.shortId));
+	const backupSchedule = schedules?.find((s) => data?.tags?.includes(s.shortId));
 
 	if (error) {
 		return (
@@ -91,9 +89,13 @@ export function SnapshotDetailsPage({ repositoryId, snapshotId }: { repositoryId
 			</div>
 
 			{data ? (
-				<SnapshotFileBrowser repositoryId={repositoryId} snapshot={data} />
+				<SnapshotFileBrowser
+					repositoryId={repositoryId}
+					snapshot={data}
+					basePath={backupSchedule ? getVolumeMountPath(backupSchedule.volume) : undefined}
+				/>
 			) : (
-				<FilebrowserFallback repositoryId={repositoryId} snapshotId={snapshotId} />
+				<SnapshotFileBrowserSkeleton />
 			)}
 
 			{data && (

app/routes/(dashboard)/backups/$backupId/$snapshotId.restore.tsx

@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ import { createFileRoute } from "@tanstack/react-router";
 import { getBackupSchedule } from "~/client/api-client";
 import { getRepositoryOptions, getSnapshotDetailsOptions } from "~/client/api-client/@tanstack/react-query.gen";
 import { RestoreSnapshotPage } from "~/client/modules/repositories/routes/restore-snapshot";
+import { getVolumeMountPath } from "~/client/lib/volume-path";
 
 export const Route = createFileRoute("/(dashboard)/backups/$backupId/$snapshotId/restore")({
 	component: RouteComponent,
@@ -17,9 +18,14 @@ export const Route = createFileRoute("/(dashboard)/backups/$backupId/$snapshotId
 				...getSnapshotDetailsOptions({ path: { id: schedule.data?.repositoryId, snapshotId: params.snapshotId } }),
 			}),
 			context.queryClient.ensureQueryData({ ...getRepositoryOptions({ path: { id: schedule.data?.repositoryId } }) }),
-		])
+		]);
 
-		return { snapshot, repository, schedule: schedule.data };
+		return {
+			snapshot,
+			repository,
+			schedule: schedule.data,
+			basePath: getVolumeMountPath(schedule.data.volume),
+		};
 	},
 	head: ({ params }) => ({
 		meta: [
@@ -42,14 +48,14 @@ export const Route = createFileRoute("/(dashboard)/backups/$backupId/$snapshotId
 
 function RouteComponent() {
 	const { backupId, snapshotId } = Route.useParams();
-	const { snapshot, repository } = Route.useLoaderData();
+	const { repository, basePath } = Route.useLoaderData();
 
 	return (
 		<RestoreSnapshotPage
 			returnPath={`/backups/${backupId}`}
 			snapshotId={snapshotId}
-			snapshot={snapshot}
 			repository={repository}
+			basePath={basePath}
 		/>
-	)
+	);
 }

app/routes/(dashboard)/repositories/$repositoryId/$snapshotId/index.tsx

@@ -1,9 +1,5 @@
 import { createFileRoute } from "@tanstack/react-router";
-import {
+import { getRepositoryOptions } from "~/client/api-client/@tanstack/react-query.gen";
-	getRepositoryOptions,
-	getSnapshotDetailsOptions,
-	listSnapshotFilesOptions,
-} from "~/client/api-client/@tanstack/react-query.gen";
 import { SnapshotDetailsPage } from "~/client/modules/repositories/routes/snapshot-details";
 
 export const Route = createFileRoute("/(dashboard)/repositories/$repositoryId/$snapshotId/")({
@@ -12,19 +8,7 @@ export const Route = createFileRoute("/(dashboard)/repositories/$repositoryId/$s
 	loader: async ({ params, context }) => {
 		const res = await context.queryClient.ensureQueryData({
 			...getRepositoryOptions({ path: { id: params.repositoryId } }),
-		})
+		});
-
-		void context.queryClient.prefetchQuery({
-			...getSnapshotDetailsOptions({
-				path: { id: params.repositoryId, snapshotId: params.snapshotId },
-			}),
-		})
-		void context.queryClient.prefetchQuery({
-			...listSnapshotFilesOptions({
-				path: { id: params.repositoryId, snapshotId: params.snapshotId },
-				query: { path: "/" },
-			}),
-		})
 
 		return res;
 	},

app/routes/(dashboard)/repositories/$repositoryId/$snapshotId/restore.tsx

@@ -1,6 +1,8 @@
 import { createFileRoute } from "@tanstack/react-router";
+import { getBackupSchedule } from "~/client/api-client";
 import { getRepositoryOptions, getSnapshotDetailsOptions } from "~/client/api-client/@tanstack/react-query.gen";
 import { RestoreSnapshotPage } from "~/client/modules/repositories/routes/restore-snapshot";
+import { getVolumeMountPath } from "~/client/lib/volume-path";
 
 export const Route = createFileRoute("/(dashboard)/repositories/$repositoryId/$snapshotId/restore")({
 	component: RouteComponent,
@@ -11,9 +13,18 @@ export const Route = createFileRoute("/(dashboard)/repositories/$repositoryId/$s
 				...getSnapshotDetailsOptions({ path: { id: params.repositoryId, snapshotId: params.snapshotId } }),
 			}),
 			context.queryClient.ensureQueryData({ ...getRepositoryOptions({ path: { id: params.repositoryId } }) }),
-		])
+		]);
 
-		return { snapshot, repository };
+		let basePath: string | undefined;
+		const scheduleShortId = snapshot.tags?.[0];
+		if (scheduleShortId) {
+			const scheduleRes = await getBackupSchedule({ path: { scheduleId: scheduleShortId } });
+			if (scheduleRes.data) {
+				basePath = getVolumeMountPath(scheduleRes.data.volume);
+			}
+		}
+
+		return { snapshot, repository, basePath };
 	},
 	staticData: {
 		breadcrumb: (match) => [
@@ -36,14 +47,14 @@ export const Route = createFileRoute("/(dashboard)/repositories/$repositoryId/$s
 
 function RouteComponent() {
 	const { repositoryId, snapshotId } = Route.useParams();
-	const { snapshot, repository } = Route.useLoaderData();
+	const { repository, basePath } = Route.useLoaderData();
 
 	return (
 		<RestoreSnapshotPage
 			returnPath={`/repositories/${repositoryId}/${snapshotId}`}
-			snapshot={snapshot}
 			repository={repository}
 			snapshotId={snapshotId}
+			basePath={basePath}
 		/>
-	)
+	);
 }

app/server/modules/backups/__tests__/backups.controller.test.ts

@@ -1,6 +1,9 @@
 import { test, describe, expect } from "bun:test";
 import { createApp } from "~/server/app";
 import { createTestSession, getAuthHeaders } from "~/test/helpers/auth";
+import { createTestVolume } from "~/test/helpers/volume";
+import { createTestRepository } from "~/test/helpers/repository";
+import { createTestBackupSchedule } from "~/test/helpers/backup";
 
 const app = createApp();
 
@@ -77,6 +80,26 @@ describe("backups security", () => {
 	});
 
 	describe("input validation", () => {
+		test("should return a schedule when queried by short id", async () => {
+			const { token, organizationId } = await createTestSession();
+			const volume = await createTestVolume({ organizationId });
+			const repository = await createTestRepository({ organizationId });
+			const schedule = await createTestBackupSchedule({
+				organizationId,
+				volumeId: volume.id,
+				repositoryId: repository.id,
+			});
+
+			const res = await app.request(`/api/v1/backups/${schedule.shortId}`, {
+				headers: getAuthHeaders(token),
+			});
+
+			expect(res.status).toBe(200);
+			const body = await res.json();
+			expect(body.id).toBe(schedule.id);
+			expect(body.shortId).toBe(schedule.shortId);
+		});
+
 		test("should return 404 for malformed schedule ID", async () => {
 			const { token } = await createTestSession();
 			const res = await app.request("/api/v1/backups/not-a-number", {

app/server/modules/backups/__tests__/backups.service.test.ts

@@ -187,6 +187,48 @@ describe("getSchedulesToExecute", () => {
 	});
 });
 
+describe("getScheduleByIdOrShortId", () => {
+	test("should resolve a schedule by numeric id string", async () => {
+		const volume = await createTestVolume();
+		const repository = await createTestRepository();
+		const schedule = await createTestBackupSchedule({
+			volumeId: volume.id,
+			repositoryId: repository.id,
+		});
+
+		const found = await backupsService.getScheduleByIdOrShortId(String(schedule.id));
+
+		expect(found.id).toBe(schedule.id);
+		expect(found.shortId).toBe(schedule.shortId);
+	});
+
+	test("should resolve a schedule by short id", async () => {
+		const volume = await createTestVolume();
+		const repository = await createTestRepository();
+		const schedule = await createTestBackupSchedule({
+			volumeId: volume.id,
+			repositoryId: repository.id,
+		});
+
+		const found = await backupsService.getScheduleByIdOrShortId(schedule.shortId);
+
+		expect(found.id).toBe(schedule.id);
+		expect(found.shortId).toBe(schedule.shortId);
+	});
+
+	test("should not return schedules from another organization", async () => {
+		const otherOrgId = faker.string.uuid();
+		const schedule = await createTestBackupSchedule({
+			organizationId: otherOrgId,
+		});
+
+		await expect(backupsService.getScheduleByIdOrShortId(schedule.shortId)).rejects.toThrow(
+			"Backup schedule not found",
+		);
+		await expect(backupsService.getScheduleByIdOrShortId(schedule.id)).rejects.toThrow("Backup schedule not found");
+	});
+});
+
 describe("listSchedules", () => {
 	test("should ignore schedules with missing relations", async () => {
 		const healthyVolume = await createTestVolume();

app/server/modules/backups/backups.controller.ts

@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@ export const backupScheduleController = new Hono()
 	})
 	.get("/:scheduleId", getBackupScheduleDto, async (c) => {
 		const scheduleId = c.req.param("scheduleId");
-		const schedule = await backupsService.getScheduleById(Number(scheduleId));
+		const schedule = await backupsService.getScheduleByIdOrShortId(scheduleId);
 
 		return c.json<GetBackupScheduleDto>(schedule, 200);
 	})

app/server/modules/backups/backups.service.ts

@@ -56,6 +56,26 @@ const getScheduleByShortId = async (shortId: string) => {
 	return schedule;
 };
 
+const getScheduleByIdOrShortId = async (idOrShortId: string | number) => {
+	const organizationId = getOrganizationId();
+	const schedule = await db.query.backupSchedulesTable.findFirst({
+		where: {
+			AND: [{ OR: [{ id: Number(idOrShortId) }, { shortId: String(idOrShortId) }] }, { organizationId }],
+		},
+		with: { volume: true, repository: true },
+	});
+
+	if (!schedule) {
+		throw new NotFoundError("Backup schedule not found");
+	}
+
+	if (!schedule.volume || !schedule.repository) {
+		throw new NotFoundError("Backup schedule not found");
+	}
+
+	return schedule;
+};
+
 const createSchedule = async (data: CreateBackupScheduleBody) => {
 	const organizationId = getOrganizationId();
 	if (!cron.validate(data.cronExpression)) {
@@ -375,6 +395,7 @@ const cleanupOrphanedSchedules = async () => {
 export const backupsService = {
 	listSchedules,
 	getScheduleById,
+	getScheduleByIdOrShortId,
 	createSchedule,
 	updateSchedule,
 	deleteSchedule,

app/server/modules/repositories/repositories.service.ts

@@ -25,6 +25,7 @@ import { backupsService } from "../backups/backups.service";
 import type { UpdateRepositoryBody } from "./repositories.dto";
 import { executeDoctor } from "./doctor";
 import { REPOSITORY_BASE } from "~/server/core/constants";
+import { findCommonAncestor } from "~/utils/common-ancestor";
 
 const runningDoctors = new Map<string, AbortController>();
 
@@ -336,6 +337,9 @@ const restoreSnapshot = async (
 
 	const target = options?.targetPath || "/";
 
+	const { paths } = await getSnapshotDetails(repository.id, snapshotId);
+	const basePath = findCommonAncestor(paths);
+
 	const releaseLock = await repoMutex.acquireShared(repository.id, `restore:${snapshotId}`);
 	try {
 		serverEvents.emit("restore:started", {
@@ -345,6 +349,7 @@ const restoreSnapshot = async (
 		});
 
 		const result = await restic.restore(repository.config, snapshotId, target, {
+			basePath,
 			...options,
 			organizationId,
 			onProgress: (progress) => {

app/server/utils/common-ancestor.test.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+import { describe, expect, test } from "bun:test";
+import { findCommonAncestor } from "~/utils/common-ancestor";
+
+describe("findCommonAncestor", () => {
+	test("returns root for empty path lists", () => {
+		expect(findCommonAncestor([])).toBe("/");
+	});
+
+	test("returns the original path for single-item lists", () => {
+		expect(findCommonAncestor(["/var/lib/zerobyte/volumes/vol123/_data"])).toBe(
+			"/var/lib/zerobyte/volumes/vol123/_data",
+		);
+	});
+
+	test("returns the deepest shared ancestor for multiple absolute paths", () => {
+		expect(
+			findCommonAncestor([
+				"/var/lib/zerobyte/volumes/vol123/_data/Documents/report.pdf",
+				"/var/lib/zerobyte/volumes/vol123/_data/Photos/summer.jpg",
+				"/var/lib/zerobyte/volumes/vol123/_data/Music/track.mp3",
+			]),
+		).toBe("/var/lib/zerobyte/volumes/vol123/_data");
+	});
+
+	test("returns root when absolute paths only share the filesystem root", () => {
+		expect(findCommonAncestor(["/etc/hosts", "/usr/local/bin"])).toBe("/");
+	});
+
+	test("throws when any path is relative", () => {
+		expect(() => findCommonAncestor(["/var/lib/zerobyte", "relative/path"])).toThrow(
+			'Path "relative/path" is not absolute.',
+		);
+	});
+});

app/server/utils/restic.test.ts

@@ -1,5 +1,71 @@
-import { describe, expect, test } from "bun:test";
+import { afterEach, beforeEach, describe, expect, mock, spyOn, test } from "bun:test";
-import { buildRepoUrl } from "./restic";
+import * as spawnModule from "./spawn";
+import { buildRepoUrl, restic } from "./restic";
+
+const successfulRestoreSummary = JSON.stringify({
+	message_type: "summary",
+	files_restored: 1,
+	files_skipped: 0,
+	bytes_skipped: 0,
+});
+
+let lastSafeSpawnArgs: string[] = [];
+
+const safeSpawnMock = mock((params: Parameters<typeof spawnModule.safeSpawn>[0]) => {
+	lastSafeSpawnArgs = params.args;
+
+	return Promise.resolve({
+		exitCode: 0,
+		summary: successfulRestoreSummary,
+		error: "",
+	});
+});
+
+const getRestoreArg = (args: string[]): string => {
+	const restoreIndex = args.indexOf("restore");
+	if (restoreIndex < 0) {
+		throw new Error("Expected restore command in restic arguments");
+	}
+
+	const restoreArg = args[restoreIndex + 1];
+	if (!restoreArg) {
+		throw new Error("Expected restore argument after restore command");
+	}
+
+	return restoreArg;
+};
+
+const getOptionValues = (args: string[], option: string): string[] => {
+	const values: string[] = [];
+	for (let i = 0; i < args.length - 1; i++) {
+		if (args[i] === option) {
+			const value = args[i + 1];
+			if (value) {
+				values.push(value);
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	return values;
+};
+
+const getLastSafeSpawnArgs = (): string[] => {
+	if (lastSafeSpawnArgs.length === 0) {
+		throw new Error("Expected safeSpawn to be called");
+	}
+
+	return lastSafeSpawnArgs;
+};
+
+beforeEach(() => {
+	safeSpawnMock.mockClear();
+	lastSafeSpawnArgs = [];
+	spyOn(spawnModule, "safeSpawn").mockImplementation(safeSpawnMock);
+});
+
+afterEach(() => {
+	mock.restore();
+});
 
 describe("buildRepoUrl", () => {
 	describe("S3 backend", () => {
@@ -104,3 +170,67 @@ describe("buildRepoUrl", () => {
 		});
 	});
 });
+
+describe("restore", () => {
+	const config = {
+		backend: "local" as const,
+		path: "/tmp/restic-repo",
+		isExistingRepository: true,
+		customPassword: "custom-password",
+	};
+
+	test("keeps snapshot restore arg and absolute include paths when target is root", async () => {
+		await restic.restore(config, "snapshot-123", "/", {
+			organizationId: "org-1",
+			include: [
+				"/var/lib/zerobyte/volumes/vol123/_data/Documents/report.pdf",
+				"/var/lib/zerobyte/volumes/vol123/_data/Photos/summer.jpg",
+			],
+		});
+
+		const args = getLastSafeSpawnArgs();
+		expect(getRestoreArg(args)).toBe("snapshot-123");
+		expect(getOptionValues(args, "--include")).toEqual([
+			"/var/lib/zerobyte/volumes/vol123/_data/Documents/report.pdf",
+			"/var/lib/zerobyte/volumes/vol123/_data/Photos/summer.jpg",
+		]);
+	});
+
+	test("restores from common ancestor and strips include paths for non-root targets", async () => {
+		await restic.restore(config, "snapshot-456", "/tmp/restore-target", {
+			organizationId: "org-1",
+			include: [
+				"/var/lib/zerobyte/volumes/vol123/_data/Documents/report.pdf",
+				"/var/lib/zerobyte/volumes/vol123/_data/Photos/summer.jpg",
+			],
+		});
+
+		const args = getLastSafeSpawnArgs();
+		expect(getRestoreArg(args)).toBe("snapshot-456:/var/lib/zerobyte/volumes/vol123/_data");
+		expect(getOptionValues(args, "--include")).toEqual(["Documents/report.pdf", "Photos/summer.jpg"]);
+	});
+
+	test("uses base path for non-root restore when includes are omitted", async () => {
+		await restic.restore(config, "snapshot-789", "/tmp/restore-target", {
+			organizationId: "org-1",
+			basePath: "/var/lib/zerobyte/volumes/vol123/_data",
+		});
+
+		const args = getLastSafeSpawnArgs();
+		expect(getRestoreArg(args)).toBe("snapshot-789:/var/lib/zerobyte/volumes/vol123/_data");
+		expect(getOptionValues(args, "--include")).toEqual([]);
+	});
+
+	test("does not pass an empty include when include equals restore root", async () => {
+		await restic.restore(config, "snapshot-7202d8cc", "/Users/nicolas/Documents/restore", {
+			organizationId: "org-1",
+			include: ["/Users/nicolas/Developer/zerobyte/tmp/deep/test/files"],
+			overwrite: "always",
+		});
+
+		const args = getLastSafeSpawnArgs();
+		expect(getRestoreArg(args)).toBe("snapshot-7202d8cc:/Users/nicolas/Developer/zerobyte/tmp/deep/test/files");
+		expect(getOptionValues(args, "--include")).toEqual([]);
+		expect(args).not.toContain("");
+	});
+});

app/server/utils/restic.ts

@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@ import { ResticError } from "./errors";
 import { safeJsonParse } from "./json";
 import { logger } from "./logger";
 import { exec, safeSpawn } from "./spawn";
+import { findCommonAncestor } from "~/utils/common-ancestor";
 
 const snapshotInfoSchema = type({
 	gid: "number?",
@@ -48,7 +49,10 @@ export const buildRepoUrl = (config: RepositoryConfig): string => {
 			return `s3:${endpoint}/${config.bucket}`;
 		}
 		case "r2": {
-			const endpoint = config.endpoint.trim().replace(/^https?:\/\//, "").replace(/\/$/, "");
+			const endpoint = config.endpoint
+				.trim()
+				.replace(/^https?:\/\//, "")
+				.replace(/\/$/, "");
 			return `s3:${endpoint}/${config.bucket}`;
 		}
 		case "gcs":
@@ -399,6 +403,7 @@ const restore = async (
 	snapshotId: string,
 	target: string,
 	options: {
+		basePath?: string;
 		organizationId: string;
 		include?: string[];
 		exclude?: string[];
@@ -412,15 +417,36 @@ const restore = async (
 	const repoUrl = buildRepoUrl(config);
 	const env = await buildEnv(config, options.organizationId);
 
-	const args: string[] = ["--repo", repoUrl, "restore", snapshotId, "--target", target];
+	let restoreArg = snapshotId;
+
+	const includes = options.include?.length ? options.include : [options.basePath ?? "/"];
+	const commonAncestor = findCommonAncestor(includes);
+	if (target !== "/") {
+		restoreArg = `${snapshotId}:${commonAncestor}`;
+	}
+
+	const args = ["--repo", repoUrl, "restore", restoreArg, "--target", target];
 
 	if (options?.overwrite) {
 		args.push("--overwrite", options.overwrite);
 	}
 
 	if (options?.include?.length) {
-		for (const pattern of options.include) {
+		if (target === "/") {
-			args.push("--include", pattern);
+			for (const pattern of options.include) {
+				args.push("--include", pattern);
+			}
+		} else {
+			const strippedIncludes = options.include.map((pattern) => path.relative(commonAncestor, pattern));
+			const includesCoverRestoreRoot = strippedIncludes.some((pattern) => pattern === "" || pattern === ".");
+
+			if (!includesCoverRestoreRoot) {
+				for (const pattern of strippedIncludes) {
+					if (pattern !== "" && pattern !== ".") {
+						args.push("--include", pattern);
+					}
+				}
+			}
 		}
 	}
 

app/utils/common-ancestor.ts

@@ -1,6 +1,12 @@
 export const findCommonAncestor = (paths: string[]): string => {
+	for (const p of paths) {
+		if (!p.startsWith("/")) {
+			throw new Error(`Path "${p}" is not absolute.`);
+		}
+	}
+
 	if (paths.length === 0) return "/";
-	if (paths.length === 1) return paths[0];
+	if (paths.length === 1) return paths[0] || "/";
 
 	const splitPaths = paths.map((path) => path.split("/").filter(Boolean));
 	const minLength = Math.min(...splitPaths.map((parts) => parts.length));