soulsync/core/musicbrainz_search.py
Broque Thomas ddbcdfe73a MusicBrainz: Filter live/compilation bootlegs + chronological sort
Three related fixes to make album/track results look like a real
artist discography instead of a firehose of fan-compiled bootlegs.

1. Drop 'compilation' from the release-group browse primary-type filter.
   MB's OR filter (`type=album|ep|single|compilation`) silently breaks
   when 'compilation' is included — Metallica drops from 1076 matches
   to 82 because `compilation` is a SECONDARY type on MB, not a primary
   type. The invalid value corrupts the filter for all types, not just
   itself. Now we request `type=album|ep|single` which returns the full
   1076; actual compilations (primary=Album + secondary=[Compilation])
   are filtered out by the studio-preference logic below.

2. Filter release-groups with non-studio secondary-types
   (Live/Compilation/Soundtrack/Remix/Demo/Mixtape/Interview/Audiobook/
   Audio drama). For Metallica, the first 100 browse results are 12
   studio albums + 83 live bootlegs + 5 compilations — without this
   filter the Albums section was dominated by 2019-2021 broadcast
   recordings. Falls back to the unfiltered list if filtering leaves
   the result set empty (covers live-only niche artists).

3. Sort chronologically ASC by first-release-date. Wikipedia-style
   discography ordering — debut album on top, then chronological.
   Previous DESC sort put the most recent release on top which, for
   prolific artists, meant 2020s material before their classics.

Track side of the same fix:

- Re-orders each recording's `releases` array to put studio releases
  first before `_recording_to_track` picks up the first release for
  album context. Without this, MB's arbitrary release order often
  buried the canonical studio album under random live bootlegs.
- Filters out recordings that only exist on live/compilation release-
  groups (keeps the ones with at least one studio release). Falls
  back to the full set if the artist has no studio recordings at all.
- Sorts recordings by earliest studio-release year ASC so classic
  tracks surface first.

Smoke test against live MB API confirmed:
- Artists: [Metallica score=100]
- Albums: Kill 'Em All (1983) → Ride the Lightning → Master of Puppets
  → ...And Justice for All → Metallica (Black Album) → Load → Reload
  → St. Anger → Death Magnetic → Lulu (2011)
- Tracks: real Metallica recordings (Killing Time, Nothing Else
  Matters, Creeping Death, etc.) — a few remastered demos still leak
  in where MB metadata quality is thin, but the bulk is correct.
- Total latency: 3.5 seconds.

4 new tests covering the studio filter, live-only fallback, preferred
release ordering, and live-only recording exclusion.

Credit: kettui flagged the poor MB results during PR #371 review.
2026-04-24 08:32:05 -07:00

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"""MusicBrainz Search Adapter — provides enhanced search tab integration.
Wraps the existing MusicBrainzClient with search methods that return the
same Track/Artist/Album dataclass format used by Deezer/iTunes/Discogs,
enabling MusicBrainz as a search tab in enhanced and global search.
Album art is fetched from Cover Art Archive (free, linked by release MBID).
"""
import threading
from dataclasses import dataclass
from typing import Any, Dict, List, Optional
from utils.logging_config import get_logger
logger = get_logger("musicbrainz_search")
COVER_ART_ARCHIVE_URL = "https://coverartarchive.org"
@dataclass
class Track:
id: str
name: str
artists: List[str]
album: str
duration_ms: int
popularity: int
preview_url: Optional[str] = None
external_urls: Optional[Dict[str, str]] = None
image_url: Optional[str] = None
release_date: Optional[str] = None
track_number: Optional[int] = None
disc_number: Optional[int] = None
album_type: Optional[str] = None
total_tracks: Optional[int] = None
album_id: Optional[str] = None
@dataclass
class Artist:
id: str
name: str
popularity: int
genres: List[str]
followers: int
image_url: Optional[str] = None
external_urls: Optional[Dict[str, str]] = None
@dataclass
class Album:
id: str
name: str
artists: List[str]
release_date: str
total_tracks: int
album_type: str
image_url: Optional[str] = None
external_urls: Optional[Dict[str, str]] = None
def _cover_art_url(mbid: str, scope: str = 'release') -> Optional[str]:
"""Build a Cover Art Archive URL without hitting the network.
CAA URLs are deterministic from the MBID: the endpoint either 307-redirects
to the image or returns 404. Previously we fired `requests.head(timeout=3)`
per result during search — 10 results × 3s worst-case = up to 30s of
blocking HEAD calls before a search returned. The frontend's <img> tag
handles the 404 case via onerror fallback, so the HEAD round-trip was
pure overhead.
`scope` is 'release' (most specific) or 'release-group' (covers all
editions — better hit rate).
"""
if not mbid:
return None
if scope not in ('release', 'release-group'):
scope = 'release'
return f"{COVER_ART_ARCHIVE_URL}/{scope}/{mbid}/front-250"
def _extract_artist_credit(artist_credit) -> List[str]:
"""Extract artist names from MusicBrainz artist-credit array."""
if not artist_credit:
return []
names = []
for credit in artist_credit:
if isinstance(credit, dict) and 'artist' in credit:
names.append(credit['artist'].get('name', ''))
elif isinstance(credit, dict) and 'name' in credit:
names.append(credit['name'])
return [n for n in names if n]
def _map_release_type(primary_type: str, secondary_types: List[str] = None) -> str:
"""Map MusicBrainz release group type to standard album_type."""
pt = (primary_type or '').lower()
if pt == 'album':
return 'album'
elif pt == 'single':
return 'single'
elif pt == 'ep':
return 'ep'
elif pt == 'compilation' or 'compilation' in (secondary_types or []):
return 'compilation'
return 'album'
class MusicBrainzSearchClient:
"""Search adapter for MusicBrainz — compatible with enhanced search tab system."""
def __init__(self):
from core.musicbrainz_client import MusicBrainzClient
# Client defaults to the project URL as its User-Agent contact,
# which is what MusicBrainz wants. Version stays generic ("2") —
# the exact UI minor version would add noise to every request.
self._client = MusicBrainzClient("SoulSync", "2")
# Per-instance cache for "top artist MBID for this query". The
# backend fires artists/albums/tracks searches in parallel against
# one client instance, and albums+tracks both need the same artist
# lookup. Without this cache, we'd fire 3 identical artist-search
# HTTP calls (each serialized by the 1-rps rate limit = 3 wasted
# seconds). The _Sentinel marks "we already looked and found
# nothing" to prevent repeat no-hit lookups.
self._artist_mbid_cache: Dict[str, Optional[Dict[str, Any]]] = {}
self._artist_mbid_lock = threading.Lock()
def _cached_art(self, release_mbid: str, release_group_mbid: str = '') -> Optional[str]:
"""Build a Cover Art Archive URL for a release / release-group MBID.
Prefers release-group scope when provided — better hit rate because
it covers all editions of the same album. No network call; the
frontend's <img onerror> fallback handles 404s.
"""
preferred = release_group_mbid or release_mbid
if not preferred:
return None
scope = 'release-group' if release_group_mbid else 'release'
return _cover_art_url(preferred, scope=scope)
# Score threshold for user-facing search results. MusicBrainz returns a
# Lucene score 0-100 on every match; exact name/alias hits score 100,
# partial/typo matches trend lower, and tribute bands / random
# lookalikes score 40-65. 80 is the cutoff that keeps the true artist
# and close variants while dropping unrelated noise.
_MIN_SCORE = 80
def search_artists(self, query: str, limit: int = 10) -> List[Artist]:
"""Search MusicBrainz for artists by name.
Uses a bare Lucene query (no field prefix) so MusicBrainz searches
the alias, artist, AND sortname indexes together — much better
recall than strict `artist:"..."` phrase matching. Results are
filtered by score (>= 80) to drop tribute bands and unrelated
lookalikes.
"""
try:
raw = self._client.search_artist(query, limit=limit, strict=False)
artists = []
for a in raw:
score = a.get('score', 0) or 0
if score < self._MIN_SCORE:
continue
mbid = a.get('id', '')
name = a.get('name', '')
if not mbid or not name:
continue
# Genres from MB tags (user-applied categorical labels). Each
# tag has {name, count}; keep the top-weighted ones.
tags = a.get('tags', []) or []
genres = [t.get('name') for t in tags if t.get('name')][:5]
external_urls = {
'musicbrainz': f'https://musicbrainz.org/artist/{mbid}'
}
artists.append(Artist(
id=mbid,
name=name,
popularity=score, # Reuse score as popularity (0-100)
genres=genres,
followers=0, # MusicBrainz doesn't track followers
image_url=None, # MB doesn't store artist images directly
external_urls=external_urls,
))
return artists
except Exception as e:
logger.warning(f"MusicBrainz artist search failed: {e}")
return []
def _split_structured_query(self, query: str):
"""Split 'Artist - Title' / 'Artist Title' / 'Artist — Title' if
a separator is present. Returns (artist_name, title) or (None, query)."""
for sep in [' - ', ' ', '']:
if sep in query:
parts = query.split(sep, 1)
return parts[0].strip(), parts[1].strip()
return None, query
def _resolve_top_artist(self, query: str) -> Optional[Dict[str, Any]]:
"""Return the top-scoring artist for a bare-name query, or None if
nothing scores above threshold. Cached per instance so parallel
album/track searches don't each refetch."""
if not query:
return None
key = query.strip().lower()
with self._artist_mbid_lock:
if key in self._artist_mbid_cache:
return self._artist_mbid_cache[key]
# Do the HTTP call OUTSIDE the lock so other threads can still
# check the cache while we wait on the network.
raw = self._client.search_artist(query, limit=1, strict=False)
top = None
if raw and (raw[0].get('score', 0) or 0) >= self._MIN_SCORE:
top = raw[0]
with self._artist_mbid_lock:
self._artist_mbid_cache[key] = top
return top
# Secondary-type tags on MB release-groups that indicate NOT a studio
# release. Used by both the album browse (filter out) and the track
# browse (prefer studio release for album context).
_NON_STUDIO_SECONDARY_TYPES = {
'Live', 'Compilation', 'Soundtrack', 'Remix', 'Demo',
'Mixtape/Street', 'Interview', 'Audiobook', 'Audio drama',
}
def _release_preference_key(self, rel: Dict[str, Any]):
"""Sort key: studio releases first, then by date ASC.
Recordings in MB often have 10+ releases (studio album, live, best-of,
reissues, anniversary editions). The first one in the API response is
arbitrary — it's often a recent live bootleg because MB users add new
live recordings all the time. Re-sorting before `_recording_to_track`
reads the first release means tracks show their canonical studio
album, not a random live compilation.
"""
rg = rel.get('release-group') or {}
secs = set(rg.get('secondary-types') or [])
is_studio = 0 if not (secs & self._NON_STUDIO_SECONDARY_TYPES) else 1
date = (rel.get('date') or '')[:4]
year = int(date) if date.isdigit() else 9999
return (is_studio, year)
def _has_studio_release(self, recording: Dict[str, Any]) -> bool:
"""True when at least one of the recording's releases is on a
release-group with no non-studio secondary type."""
for rel in (recording.get('releases') or []):
rg = rel.get('release-group') or {}
secs = set(rg.get('secondary-types') or [])
if not (secs & self._NON_STUDIO_SECONDARY_TYPES):
return True
return False
def _release_group_to_album(self, rg: Dict[str, Any], artist_name: str) -> Album:
"""Project a MusicBrainz release-group into our Album dataclass."""
rg_mbid = rg.get('id', '')
title = rg.get('title', '') or ''
primary_type = rg.get('primary-type', '') or ''
secondary_types = rg.get('secondary-types', []) or []
album_type = _map_release_type(primary_type, secondary_types)
release_date = rg.get('first-release-date', '') or ''
# Release-group browse doesn't link directly to a single release,
# so we can't get per-release track counts cheaply. Leave 0 — the
# frontend treats it as "unknown" gracefully.
image_url = self._cached_art(rg_mbid, rg_mbid)
return Album(
id=rg_mbid,
name=title,
artists=[artist_name] if artist_name else ['Unknown Artist'],
release_date=release_date,
total_tracks=0,
album_type=album_type,
image_url=image_url,
external_urls={'musicbrainz': f'https://musicbrainz.org/release-group/{rg_mbid}'} if rg_mbid else {},
)
def search_albums(self, query: str, limit: int = 10) -> List[Album]:
"""Search MusicBrainz for releases (albums).
Primary path: when the query looks like a bare artist name, resolve
it to an artist MBID and BROWSE that artist's release-groups. This
returns the artist's actual discography instead of unrelated
releases that happen to be titled after them.
Fallback path: when the query is structured as "Artist - Album" or
the artist lookup fails, drop back to text search with the
existing Lucene strategy.
"""
try:
artist_name, title = self._split_structured_query(query)
# Structured "Artist - Album" query → respect user's intent;
# text-search with both terms is more precise than browsing all
# of that artist's discography.
if artist_name:
return self._search_albums_text(title, artist_name, limit)
# Bare name query → try artist-first → browse path.
top = self._resolve_top_artist(query)
if top:
mbid = top.get('id', '')
tname = top.get('name', '') or query
rgs = self._client.browse_artist_release_groups(
mbid,
# 'compilation' is a SECONDARY type, not a primary type
# — including it in the OR filter causes MB to return
# only 82 matches instead of the actual 1076 because
# the filter silently breaks. Actual compilations
# (primary-type=Album with secondary-types=[Compilation])
# are handled by the studio-preference filter below.
release_types=['album', 'ep', 'single'],
limit=100,
)
# Prefer studio releases — MusicBrainz tags live bootlegs
# and best-of compilations with secondary-types. For mega-
# artists like Metallica, 83 of 100 browse results are live
# broadcast bootlegs; the 12 studio albums are buried. A
# release-group with no secondary-types (or an explicit
# studio-only type) is the "original studio" shape users
# expect to see first.
def _is_studio(rg):
secs = set((rg.get('secondary-types') or []))
return not (secs & {'Live', 'Compilation', 'Soundtrack',
'Remix', 'Demo', 'Mixtape/Street',
'Interview', 'Audiobook', 'Audio drama'})
studio = [rg for rg in rgs if _is_studio(rg)]
# If filtering leaves us empty (niche live-only artist),
# fall back to the unfiltered list — better than no results.
rgs = studio or rgs
# Sort by primary-type priority first (album > ep > single >
# compilation), then chronologically ASC — the standard way
# discographies are listed ("their debut was X, then Y, then Z").
type_priority = {'album': 0, 'ep': 1, 'single': 2, 'compilation': 3}
def _sort_key(rg):
pt = (rg.get('primary-type') or '').lower()
date = rg.get('first-release-date') or ''
year = int(date[:4]) if date[:4].isdigit() else 9999
return (type_priority.get(pt, 9), year)
rgs.sort(key=_sort_key)
albums = [self._release_group_to_album(rg, tname) for rg in rgs[:limit]]
return albums
# No artist match → text search on the whole query.
return self._search_albums_text(query, None, limit)
except Exception as e:
logger.warning(f"MusicBrainz album search failed: {e}")
return []
def _search_albums_text(self, album_name: str, artist_name: Optional[str], limit: int) -> List[Album]:
"""Fallback text-search path for structured/fuzzy album queries."""
try:
results = self._client.search_release(album_name, artist_name=artist_name, limit=limit)
# Score filter — same threshold as artists. Drops garbage
# title-match hits from unrelated releases.
results = [r for r in results if (r.get('score', 0) or 0) >= self._MIN_SCORE]
albums = []
for r in results:
mbid = r.get('id', '')
title = r.get('title', '')
if not title:
continue
artists = _extract_artist_credit(r.get('artist-credit', []))
release_date = r.get('date', '') or ''
# Track count from media
total_tracks = 0
media = r.get('media', [])
for m in media:
total_tracks += m.get('track-count', 0)
# Release type
rg = r.get('release-group', {})
primary_type = rg.get('primary-type', '') or ''
secondary_types = rg.get('secondary-types', []) or []
album_type = _map_release_type(primary_type, secondary_types)
# Cover art (non-blocking — skip if slow)
rg_mbid = rg.get('id', '')
image_url = self._cached_art(mbid, rg_mbid)
external_urls = {'musicbrainz': f'https://musicbrainz.org/release/{mbid}'} if mbid else {}
albums.append(Album(
id=mbid,
name=title,
artists=artists if artists else ['Unknown Artist'],
release_date=release_date,
total_tracks=total_tracks,
album_type=album_type,
image_url=image_url,
external_urls=external_urls,
))
# Deduplicate: keep best version of each title+artist combo
# (prefer ones with release dates and cover art)
seen = {}
deduped = []
for album in albums:
key = (album.name.lower().strip(), ', '.join(album.artists).lower().strip())
if key not in seen:
seen[key] = album
deduped.append(album)
else:
existing = seen[key]
# Prefer: has date > no date, has art > no art
better = False
if not existing.release_date and album.release_date:
better = True
elif not existing.image_url and album.image_url:
better = True
if better:
deduped[deduped.index(existing)] = album
seen[key] = album
return deduped
except Exception as e:
logger.warning(f"MusicBrainz album search failed: {e}")
return []
def _recording_to_track(self, r: Dict[str, Any], fallback_artist_name: str) -> Optional[Track]:
"""Project a MusicBrainz recording into our Track dataclass. Returns
None when the recording lacks required fields."""
mbid = r.get('id', '')
title = r.get('title', '')
if not title:
return None
artists = _extract_artist_credit(r.get('artist-credit', []))
if not artists and fallback_artist_name:
artists = [fallback_artist_name]
duration_ms = r.get('length', 0) or 0
album_name = ''
album_id = ''
release_date = ''
image_url = None
album_type = 'single'
total_tracks = 1
releases = r.get('releases', []) or []
if releases:
rel = releases[0]
album_name = rel.get('title', '') or ''
album_id = rel.get('id', '') or ''
release_date = rel.get('date', '') or ''
rg = rel.get('release-group', {}) or {}
primary_type = rg.get('primary-type', '') or ''
secondary_types = rg.get('secondary-types', []) or []
album_type = _map_release_type(primary_type, secondary_types)
for m in rel.get('media', []) or []:
total_tracks += m.get('track-count', 0)
rg_mbid = rg.get('id', '') or ''
image_url = self._cached_art(album_id, rg_mbid) if album_id else None
return Track(
id=mbid,
name=title,
artists=artists if artists else ['Unknown Artist'],
album=album_name or title,
duration_ms=duration_ms,
popularity=r.get('score', 0) or 0,
image_url=image_url,
release_date=release_date,
external_urls={'musicbrainz': f'https://musicbrainz.org/recording/{mbid}'} if mbid else {},
album_type=album_type,
total_tracks=total_tracks,
album_id=album_id,
)
def search_tracks(self, query: str, limit: int = 10) -> List[Track]:
"""Search MusicBrainz for recordings (tracks).
Same strategy as `search_albums`: bare name → artist-first → browse
recordings; structured "Artist - Title" stays on text search so the
user's explicit title intent is respected.
"""
try:
artist_name, title = self._split_structured_query(query)
# Structured query → text search with both fields.
if artist_name:
return self._search_tracks_text(title, artist_name, limit)
# Bare name → artist-first → arid: search.
top = self._resolve_top_artist(query)
if top:
mbid = top.get('id', '')
tname = top.get('name', '') or query
# /recording?artist=<mbid> (browse) rejects inc=releases,
# so we use the fielded Lucene search arid:<mbid> instead —
# that returns recordings with release context inline.
recs = self._client.search_recordings_by_artist_mbid(mbid, limit=100)
# Re-order each recording's releases to prefer studio over
# live/compilation. Without this, the first release (which
# the adapter uses for album info + date) is often a random
# live bootleg — Metallica has 10+ live versions of "One"
# ranked ahead of the studio release. Mutates in place so
# `_recording_to_track` sees the preferred release first.
for r in recs:
rels = r.get('releases') or []
if not rels:
continue
rels.sort(key=self._release_preference_key)
r['releases'] = rels
# Prefer recordings that have at least one studio release.
# Falls back to the full set if the artist is live-only.
studio = [r for r in recs if self._has_studio_release(r)]
recs = studio or recs
# Dedupe by normalized title (MB has many versions of the
# same song — live, remaster, re-recording, etc.). Because
# we sorted releases above, `_recording_to_track` will pick
# the studio release for album info on the first keeper.
seen = set()
deduped = []
for r in recs:
key = (r.get('title') or '').lower().strip()
if not key or key in seen:
continue
seen.add(key)
deduped.append(r)
# Sort by studio-release year ASC so classic tracks surface
# first. For a user typing "metallica", this means "Seek
# and Destroy" (1983) before "Atlas, Rise!" (2016) — which
# matches how most discography views order by release.
def _track_sort_key(r):
rels = r.get('releases') or []
for rel in rels:
date = (rel.get('date') or '')[:4]
if date.isdigit():
return int(date)
return 9999
deduped.sort(key=_track_sort_key)
tracks = []
for r in deduped[:limit]:
t = self._recording_to_track(r, tname)
if t:
tracks.append(t)
return tracks
# No artist match → fall back to text search on whole query.
return self._search_tracks_text(query, None, limit)
except Exception as e:
logger.warning(f"MusicBrainz track search failed: {e}")
return []
def _search_tracks_text(self, track_name: str, artist_name: Optional[str], limit: int) -> List[Track]:
"""Fallback text-search path for structured/fuzzy track queries."""
try:
results = self._client.search_recording(track_name, artist_name=artist_name, limit=limit)
# Score filter matches the artist/album logic — cuts garbage
# title collisions from unrelated recordings.
results = [r for r in results if (r.get('score', 0) or 0) >= self._MIN_SCORE]
tracks = []
for r in results:
t = self._recording_to_track(r, artist_name or '')
if t:
tracks.append(t)
return tracks
except Exception as e:
logger.warning(f"MusicBrainz track search failed: {e}")
return []
def get_album(self, release_mbid: str) -> Optional[Dict[str, Any]]:
"""Get full album details with track listing for download modal."""
try:
release = self._client.get_release(release_mbid, includes=['recordings', 'artist-credits', 'release-groups'])
if not release:
return None
title = release.get('title', '')
artists_raw = _extract_artist_credit(release.get('artist-credit', []))
release_date = release.get('date', '') or ''
rg = release.get('release-group', {})
primary_type = rg.get('primary-type', '') or ''
secondary_types = rg.get('secondary-types', []) or []
album_type = _map_release_type(primary_type, secondary_types)
# Cover art
rg_mbid = rg.get('id', '')
image_url = self._cached_art(release_mbid, rg_mbid)
# Build tracks from media
tracks = []
total_tracks = 0
media_list = release.get('media', [])
for media_idx, media in enumerate(media_list):
disc_number = media.get('position', media_idx + 1)
for track in media.get('tracks', []):
total_tracks += 1
recording = track.get('recording', {})
track_artists = _extract_artist_credit(recording.get('artist-credit', []))
if not track_artists:
track_artists = artists_raw
try:
track_num = int(track.get('number', track.get('position', total_tracks)))
except (ValueError, TypeError):
track_num = total_tracks
tracks.append({
'id': recording.get('id', track.get('id', '')),
'name': recording.get('title', track.get('title', '')),
'artists': [{'name': a} for a in track_artists],
'duration_ms': recording.get('length', 0) or track.get('length', 0) or 0,
'track_number': track_num,
'disc_number': disc_number,
})
images = [{'url': image_url, 'height': 250, 'width': 250}] if image_url else []
return {
'id': release_mbid,
'name': title,
'artists': [{'name': a, 'id': ''} for a in (artists_raw or ['Unknown Artist'])],
'release_date': release_date,
'total_tracks': total_tracks,
'album_type': album_type,
'images': images,
'tracks': tracks,
'external_urls': {'musicbrainz': f'https://musicbrainz.org/release/{release_mbid}'},
}
except Exception as e:
logger.error(f"MusicBrainz album detail failed for {release_mbid}: {e}")
return None
def get_artist_albums(self, artist_mbid: str, album_type: str = 'album,single') -> List:
"""Get artist's releases for discography view."""
try:
artist = self._client.get_artist(artist_mbid, includes=['release-groups'])
if not artist or 'release-groups' not in artist:
return []
albums = []
for rg in artist.get('release-groups', []):
primary_type = rg.get('primary-type', '') or ''
rg_type = _map_release_type(primary_type, rg.get('secondary-types', []))
rg_mbid = rg.get('id', '')
image_url = self._cached_art(rg_mbid, rg_mbid)
albums.append(Album(
id=rg_mbid,
name=rg.get('title', ''),
artists=[artist.get('name', 'Unknown Artist')],
release_date=rg.get('first-release-date', '') or '',
total_tracks=0,
album_type=rg_type,
image_url=image_url,
external_urls={'musicbrainz': f'https://musicbrainz.org/release-group/{rg_mbid}'},
))
return albums
except Exception as e:
logger.warning(f"MusicBrainz artist albums failed: {e}")
return []