diff --git a/public/js/assistant/citations.js b/public/js/assistant/citations.js
index 117ec3d..5502457 100644
--- a/public/js/assistant/citations.js
+++ b/public/js/assistant/citations.js
@@ -102,8 +102,8 @@ export function normalizeMarkdownText(text) {
     .replace(/([^\n])\s+(#{1,4}\s+)/g, '$1\n\n$2')
     .replace(/(#{1,4}\s+[^\n]+?)\s+(-\s+)/g, '$1\n\n$2')
     .replace(/(#{1,4}\s+[^\n]+)\n(-\s+)/g, '$1\n\n$2')
-    .replace(/([^\n])\s+(-\s+(?:Mainstay|Medications|Hospitalization|Other therapies|Prevention|Short-acting|Anticholinergics|Systemic|Adjuncts|Long-term|Infants|Differentiating|Persistent|Severe|Need for|Inadequate)\b)/g, '$1\n$2')
-    .replace(/([^\n])\s+(-\s+[^\n])/g, '$1\n$2')
+    .replace(/([.!?:;)\]])\s+(-\s+(?:Mainstay|Medications|Hospitalization|Other therapies|Prevention|Short-acting|Anticholinergics|Systemic|Adjuncts|Long-term|Infants|Differentiating|Persistent|Severe|Need for|Inadequate)\b)/g, '$1\n$2')
+    .replace(/([.!?:;)\]])\s+(-\s+[^\n])/g, '$1\n$2')
     .trim()));
 }
 
@@ -150,10 +150,18 @@ function normalizeBareCitationCell(cell) {
 }
 
 export function stripOrphanMarkdownMarkers(text) {
-  return String(text || '')
-    .replace(/\s*(?:\*\*|__|\*|_)\s*$/g, '')
-    .replace(/\s*(?:\*\*|__)?\s*(?:Figure|Fig\.)\s*(?:\*\*|__)?\s*$/i, '')
-    .trim();
+  var out = String(text || '')
+    .replace(/\s*(?:\*\*|__)?\s*(?:Figure|Fig\.)\s*(?:\*\*|__)?\s*$/i, '');
+  // Remove a trailing marker only when it has no partner, so "…**Monitor
+  // closely**" keeps its closing pair while a dangling "**" is still cleaned up.
+  var trailing = out.match(/(\*\*|__|\*|_)\s*$/);
+  if (trailing) {
+    var marker = trailing[1];
+    var body = out.slice(0, out.length - trailing[0].length);
+    var occurrences = body.split(marker).length - 1;
+    if (occurrences % 2 === 0) out = body;
+  }
+  return out.trim();
 }
 
 export function fallbackMarkdown(text) {
@@ -229,7 +237,9 @@ export function renderLatexText(text, katex) {
   return String(text || '')
     .replace(/\$\$([\s\S]+?)\$\$/g, function(_, expr) { return safeKatex(katex, expr, true); })
     .replace(/\\\[([\s\S]+?)\\\]/g, function(_, expr) { return safeKatex(katex, expr, true); })
-    .replace(/\$([^$\n]+?)\$/g, function(_, expr) { return safeKatex(katex, expr, false); })
+    .replace(/\$([^$\n]+?)\$/g, function(match, expr) {
+      return /[\\^_{}]|\\frac|\\times|\\le|\\ge/.test(expr) ? safeKatex(katex, expr, false) : match;
+    })
     .replace(/\\\((.+?)\\\)/g, function(_, expr) { return safeKatex(katex, expr, false); });
 }
 
diff --git a/test/assistant-citations.test.js b/test/assistant-citations.test.js
index bb3d943..989e307 100644
--- a/test/assistant-citations.test.js
+++ b/test/assistant-citations.test.js
@@ -252,3 +252,42 @@ test('clinical assistant streams long table answers as lightweight text before f
   assert.match(source, /assistant-streaming-text/);
   assert.match(source, /pipeRows >= 8/);
 });
+
+test('numeric ranges written with spaced hyphens are not turned into bullets', async () => {
+  const { normalizeMarkdownText } = await loadCitationModule();
+  // A dose range split across a line break reads as a different dose.
+  for (const text of [
+    'Give dexamethasone 0.15 - 0.6 mg/kg orally.',
+    'Target SpO2 92 - 96% on room air.',
+    'Aim for pH 7.35 - 7.45.',
+    'Ages 2 - 5 years.',
+    'Use 5 - 10 mL/kg boluses.'
+  ]) {
+    assert.equal(normalizeMarkdownText(text), text, text);
+  }
+});
+
+test('a hyphen after sentence punctuation still starts a list item', async () => {
+  const { normalizeMarkdownText } = await loadCitationModule();
+  assert.equal(normalizeMarkdownText('Treatment options. - Dexamethasone first.'), 'Treatment options.\n- Dexamethasone first.');
+  assert.equal(normalizeMarkdownText('Options: - Dexamethasone'), 'Options:\n- Dexamethasone');
+  assert.equal(normalizeMarkdownText('Works well [1] - Dexamethasone'), 'Works well [1]\n- Dexamethasone');
+  assert.equal(normalizeMarkdownText('Intro\n- one\n- two'), 'Intro\n- one\n- two');
+});
+
+test('a bold phrase at the end of an answer keeps its closing marker', async () => {
+  const { stripOrphanMarkdownMarkers } = await loadCitationModule();
+  assert.equal(stripOrphanMarkdownMarkers('Give oxygen. **Monitor closely**'), 'Give oxygen. **Monitor closely**');
+  assert.equal(stripOrphanMarkdownMarkers('Note the *caveat*'), 'Note the *caveat*');
+  // A genuinely unpaired marker is still removed.
+  assert.equal(stripOrphanMarkdownMarkers('Ends with bold **'), 'Ends with bold');
+});
+
+test('dollar amounts are not rendered as mathematics', async () => {
+  const { renderLatexText } = await loadCitationModule();
+  const katex = { renderToString: (expr) => '<KATEX>' + expr + '</KATEX>' };
+  assert.equal(renderLatexText('Costs $5 to $10 per dose', katex), 'Costs $5 to $10 per dose');
+  // Real mathematics still renders.
+  assert.equal(renderLatexText('SpO$_2$ target', katex), 'SpO<KATEX>_2</KATEX> target');
+  assert.equal(renderLatexText('Use $\\frac{1}{2}$ dose', katex), 'Use <KATEX>\\frac{1}{2}</KATEX> dose');
+});