oxipng/src/png/mod.rs
2021-07-11 23:42:12 -04:00

376 lines
14 KiB
Rust

use crate::colors::ColorType;
use crate::deflate;
use crate::error::PngError;
use crate::filters::*;
use crate::headers::*;
use crate::interlace::{deinterlace_image, interlace_image};
use byteorder::{BigEndian, WriteBytesExt};
use crc::{Crc, CRC_32_ISO_HDLC};
use indexmap::IndexMap;
use rgb::ComponentSlice;
use rgb::RGBA8;
use std::fs::File;
use std::io::{BufReader, Read};
use std::iter::Iterator;
use std::path::Path;
use std::sync::Arc;
pub(crate) const STD_COMPRESSION: u8 = 6;
/// Must use normal compression, as faster ones (Huffman/RLE-only) are not representative
pub(crate) const STD_STRATEGY: u8 = 0;
/// OK to use a bit smalller window for evaluation
pub(crate) const STD_WINDOW: u8 = 13;
pub(crate) const STD_FILTERS: [u8; 2] = [0, 5];
pub(crate) mod scan_lines;
use self::scan_lines::{ScanLines, ScanLinesMut};
#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
pub struct PngImage {
/// The headers stored in the IHDR chunk
pub ihdr: IhdrData,
/// The uncompressed, optionally filtered data from the IDAT chunk
pub data: Vec<u8>,
/// The palette containing colors used in an Indexed image
/// Contains 3 bytes per color (R+G+B), up to 768
pub palette: Option<Vec<RGBA8>>,
/// The pixel value that should be rendered as transparent
pub transparency_pixel: Option<Vec<u8>>,
/// All non-critical headers from the PNG are stored here
pub aux_headers: IndexMap<[u8; 4], Vec<u8>>,
}
/// Contains all data relevant to a PNG image
#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
pub struct PngData {
/// Uncompressed image data
pub raw: Arc<PngImage>,
/// The filtered and compressed data of the IDAT chunk
pub idat_data: Vec<u8>,
}
type PaletteWithTrns = (Option<Vec<RGBA8>>, Option<Vec<u8>>);
impl PngData {
/// Create a new `PngData` struct by opening a file
#[inline]
pub fn new(filepath: &Path, fix_errors: bool) -> Result<Self, PngError> {
let byte_data = Self::read_file(filepath)?;
Self::from_slice(&byte_data, fix_errors)
}
pub fn read_file(filepath: &Path) -> Result<Vec<u8>, PngError> {
let file = match File::open(filepath) {
Ok(f) => f,
Err(_) => return Err(PngError::new("Failed to open file for reading")),
};
let file_len = file.metadata().map(|m| m.len() as usize).unwrap_or(0);
let mut reader = BufReader::new(file);
// Check file for PNG header
let mut header = [0; 8];
if reader.read_exact(&mut header).is_err() {
return Err(PngError::new("Not a PNG file: too small"));
}
if !file_header_is_valid(&header) {
return Err(PngError::new("Invalid PNG header detected"));
}
// Read raw png data into memory
let mut byte_data: Vec<u8> = Vec::with_capacity(file_len);
byte_data.extend_from_slice(&header);
match reader.read_to_end(&mut byte_data) {
Ok(_) => (),
Err(_) => return Err(PngError::new("Failed to read from file")),
}
Ok(byte_data)
}
/// Create a new `PngData` struct by reading a slice
pub fn from_slice(byte_data: &[u8], fix_errors: bool) -> Result<Self, PngError> {
let mut byte_offset: usize = 0;
// Test that png header is valid
let header = byte_data.get(0..8).ok_or(PngError::TruncatedData)?;
if !file_header_is_valid(header) {
return Err(PngError::NotPNG);
}
byte_offset += 8;
// Read the data headers
let mut aux_headers: IndexMap<[u8; 4], Vec<u8>> = IndexMap::new();
let mut idat_headers: Vec<u8> = Vec::new();
while let Some(header) = parse_next_header(byte_data, &mut byte_offset, fix_errors)? {
match &header.name {
b"IDAT" => idat_headers.extend_from_slice(header.data),
b"acTL" => return Err(PngError::APNGNotSupported),
_ => {
aux_headers.insert(header.name, header.data.to_owned());
}
}
}
// Parse the headers into our PngData
if idat_headers.is_empty() {
return Err(PngError::ChunkMissing("IDAT"));
}
let ihdr = match aux_headers.remove(b"IHDR") {
Some(ihdr) => ihdr,
None => return Err(PngError::ChunkMissing("IHDR")),
};
let ihdr_header = parse_ihdr_header(&ihdr)?;
let raw_data = deflate::inflate(idat_headers.as_ref())?;
// Reject files with incorrect width/height or truncated data
if raw_data.len() != ihdr_header.raw_data_size() {
return Err(PngError::TruncatedData);
}
let (palette, transparency_pixel) = Self::palette_to_rgba(
ihdr_header.color_type,
aux_headers.remove(b"PLTE"),
aux_headers.remove(b"tRNS"),
)?;
let mut raw = PngImage {
ihdr: ihdr_header,
data: raw_data,
palette,
transparency_pixel,
aux_headers,
};
raw.data = raw.unfilter_image()?;
// Return the PngData
Ok(Self {
idat_data: idat_headers,
raw: Arc::new(raw),
})
}
/// Handle transparency header
fn palette_to_rgba(
color_type: ColorType,
palette_data: Option<Vec<u8>>,
trns_data: Option<Vec<u8>>,
) -> Result<PaletteWithTrns, PngError> {
if color_type == ColorType::Indexed {
let palette_data =
palette_data.ok_or_else(|| PngError::new("no palette in indexed image"))?;
let mut palette: Vec<_> = palette_data
.chunks(3)
.map(|color| RGBA8::new(color[0], color[1], color[2], 255))
.collect();
if let Some(trns_data) = trns_data {
for (color, trns) in palette.iter_mut().zip(trns_data) {
color.a = trns;
}
}
Ok((Some(palette), None))
} else {
Ok((None, trns_data))
}
}
/// Format the `PngData` struct into a valid PNG bytestream
pub fn output(&self) -> Vec<u8> {
// PNG header
let mut output = vec![0x89, 0x50, 0x4E, 0x47, 0x0D, 0x0A, 0x1A, 0x0A];
// IHDR
let mut ihdr_data = Vec::with_capacity(13);
let _ = ihdr_data.write_u32::<BigEndian>(self.raw.ihdr.width);
let _ = ihdr_data.write_u32::<BigEndian>(self.raw.ihdr.height);
let _ = ihdr_data.write_u8(self.raw.ihdr.bit_depth.as_u8());
let _ = ihdr_data.write_u8(self.raw.ihdr.color_type.png_header_code());
let _ = ihdr_data.write_u8(0); // Compression -- deflate
let _ = ihdr_data.write_u8(0); // Filter method -- 5-way adaptive filtering
let _ = ihdr_data.write_u8(self.raw.ihdr.interlaced);
write_png_block(b"IHDR", &ihdr_data, &mut output);
// Ancillary headers
for (key, header) in self
.raw
.aux_headers
.iter()
.filter(|&(key, _)| !(key == b"bKGD" || key == b"hIST" || key == b"tRNS"))
{
write_png_block(key, header, &mut output);
}
// Palette
if let Some(ref palette) = self.raw.palette {
let mut palette_data = Vec::with_capacity(palette.len() * 3);
let max_palette_size = 1 << (self.raw.ihdr.bit_depth.as_u8() as usize);
for px in palette.iter().take(max_palette_size) {
palette_data.extend_from_slice(px.rgb().as_slice());
}
write_png_block(b"PLTE", &palette_data, &mut output);
let num_transparent =
palette
.iter()
.take(max_palette_size)
.enumerate()
.fold(
0,
|prev, (index, px)| {
if px.a == 255 {
prev
} else {
index + 1
}
},
);
if num_transparent > 0 {
let trns_data: Vec<_> = palette[0..num_transparent].iter().map(|px| px.a).collect();
write_png_block(b"tRNS", &trns_data, &mut output);
}
} else if let Some(ref transparency_pixel) = self.raw.transparency_pixel {
// Transparency pixel
write_png_block(b"tRNS", transparency_pixel, &mut output);
}
// Special ancillary headers that need to come after PLTE but before IDAT
for (key, header) in self
.raw
.aux_headers
.iter()
.filter(|&(key, _)| key == b"bKGD" || key == b"hIST" || key == b"tRNS")
{
write_png_block(key, header, &mut output);
}
// IDAT data
write_png_block(b"IDAT", &self.idat_data, &mut output);
// Stream end
write_png_block(b"IEND", &[], &mut output);
output
}
}
impl PngImage {
/// Convert the image to the specified interlacing type
/// Returns true if the interlacing was changed, false otherwise
/// The `interlace` parameter specifies the *new* interlacing mode
/// Assumes that the data has already been de-filtered
#[inline]
#[must_use]
pub fn change_interlacing(&self, interlace: u8) -> Option<PngImage> {
if interlace == self.ihdr.interlaced {
return None;
}
Some(if interlace == 1 {
// Convert progressive to interlaced data
interlace_image(self)
} else {
// Convert interlaced to progressive data
deinterlace_image(self)
})
}
/// Return the number of channels in the image, based on color type
#[inline]
pub fn channels_per_pixel(&self) -> u8 {
self.ihdr.color_type.channels_per_pixel()
}
/// Return an iterator over the scanlines of the image
#[inline]
pub fn scan_lines(&self) -> ScanLines<'_> {
ScanLines::new(self)
}
/// Return an iterator over the scanlines of the image
#[inline]
pub fn scan_lines_mut(&mut self) -> ScanLinesMut<'_> {
ScanLinesMut::new(self)
}
/// Reverse all filters applied on the image, returning an unfiltered IDAT bytestream
fn unfilter_image(&self) -> Result<Vec<u8>, PngError> {
let mut unfiltered = Vec::with_capacity(self.data.len());
let bpp = ((self.ihdr.bit_depth.as_u8() * self.channels_per_pixel() + 7) / 8) as usize;
let mut last_line: Vec<u8> = Vec::new();
let mut last_pass = None;
let mut unfiltered_buf = Vec::new();
for line in self.scan_lines() {
if last_pass != line.pass {
last_line.clear();
last_pass = line.pass;
}
last_line.resize(line.data.len(), 0);
unfilter_line(line.filter, bpp, line.data, &last_line, &mut unfiltered_buf)?;
unfiltered.push(0);
unfiltered.extend_from_slice(&unfiltered_buf);
std::mem::swap(&mut last_line, &mut unfiltered_buf);
unfiltered_buf.clear();
}
Ok(unfiltered)
}
/// Apply the specified filter type to all rows in the image
/// 0: None
/// 1: Sub
/// 2: Up
/// 3: Average
/// 4: Paeth
/// 5: All (heuristically pick the best filter for each line)
pub fn filter_image(&self, filter: u8) -> Vec<u8> {
let mut filtered = Vec::with_capacity(self.data.len());
let bpp = ((self.ihdr.bit_depth.as_u8() * self.channels_per_pixel() + 7) / 8) as usize;
let mut last_line: &[u8] = &[];
let mut last_pass: Option<u8> = None;
let mut f_buf = Vec::new();
for line in self.scan_lines() {
f_buf.clear();
if last_pass != line.pass {
last_line = &[];
}
match filter {
0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 => {
let filter = if last_pass == line.pass || filter <= 1 {
filter
} else {
0
};
filtered.push(filter);
filter_line(filter, bpp, line.data, last_line, &mut f_buf);
filtered.extend_from_slice(&f_buf);
}
5 => {
// Heuristically guess best filter per line
// Uses MSAD algorithm mentioned in libpng reference docs
// http://www.libpng.org/pub/png/book/chapter09.html
let mut best_filter = 0;
let mut best_line = Vec::new();
let mut best_size = u64::MAX;
// Avoid vertical filtering on first line of each interlacing pass
for filter in if last_pass == line.pass { 0..5 } else { 0..2 } {
filter_line(filter, bpp, line.data, last_line, &mut f_buf);
let size = f_buf.iter().fold(0_u64, |acc, &x| {
let signed = x as i8;
acc + i16::from(signed).abs() as u64
});
if size < best_size {
best_size = size;
best_filter = filter;
std::mem::swap(&mut best_line, &mut f_buf);
}
f_buf.clear() //discard buffer, and start again
}
filtered.push(best_filter);
filtered.extend_from_slice(&best_line);
}
_ => unreachable!(),
}
last_line = line.data;
last_pass = line.pass;
}
filtered
}
}
fn write_png_block(key: &[u8], header: &[u8], output: &mut Vec<u8>) {
let mut header_data = Vec::with_capacity(header.len() + 4);
header_data.extend_from_slice(key);
header_data.extend_from_slice(header);
output.reserve(header_data.len() + 8);
let _ = output.write_u32::<BigEndian>(header_data.len() as u32 - 4);
let crc = Crc::<u32>::new(&CRC_32_ISO_HDLC).checksum(&header_data);
output.append(&mut header_data);
let _ = output.write_u32::<BigEndian>(crc);
}