Accept images on ask/analyze

CHANGELOG.md

@@ -1,6 +1,10 @@
 # Changelog
 ## [Unreleased]
 
+### Added
+
+- `HaikuRAG.ask` and `HaikuRAG.analyze` accept `images: Sequence[bytes]`, attached to the question as model input; requires `vision: true` on the driving model.
+
 ## [0.69.0] - 2026-07-24
 
 ### Added

docs/python.md

@@ -328,6 +328,17 @@ answer, citations = await client.ask(
 )
 ```
 
+Attach images to the question, for example to check an image against indexed documents:
+
+```python
+answer, citations = await client.ask(
+    "Does this image satisfy the requirements in the design spec?",
+    images=[Path("photo.jpg").read_bytes()],
+)
+```
+
+Images are passed to the model alongside the question. Retrieval stays text-based. The QA model must have `vision: true` in its configuration.
+
 `client.ask` runs the [RAG capability](capabilities/rag.md) and returns `(answer_text, list[Citation])`. Citations include page numbers, section headings, document references, and the document's metadata (`document_meta`), so UIs can render metadata keys such as a public source URL alongside the citation.
 
 The QA provider and model are configured in `haiku.rag.yaml` or can be passed directly to the client (see [Configuration](configuration/index.md)).
@@ -354,6 +365,8 @@ result = await client.analyze(
 
 `client.analyze` runs the [analysis capability](capabilities/analysis.md), which writes and executes Python code in a sandboxed environment to solve problems that traditional RAG struggles with: aggregation, computation, and multi-document analysis.
 
+`client.analyze` also accepts `images=` like `client.ask`, requiring `vision: true` on the analysis model (or the QA model when no analysis model is configured).
+
 See [Analysis capability](capabilities/analysis.md) for details and configuration.
 
 ## Building custom agents

haiku_rag_slim/haiku/rag/client/__init__.py

@@ -484,19 +484,21 @@ class HaikuRAG:
         self,
         question: str,
         filter: str | None = None,
+        images: Sequence[bytes] | None = None,
     ) -> "tuple[str, list[Citation]]":
         from haiku.rag.client.agents import ask
 
-        return await ask(self, question, filter)
+        return await ask(self, question, filter, images)
 
     async def analyze(
         self,
         question: str,
         filter: str | None = None,
+        images: Sequence[bytes] | None = None,
     ) -> "AnalysisResult":
         from haiku.rag.client.agents import analyze
 
-        return await analyze(self, question, filter)
+        return await analyze(self, question, filter, images)
 
     async def visualize_chunk(
         self,

haiku_rag_slim/haiku/rag/client/agents.py

@@ -1,10 +1,14 @@
+from collections.abc import Sequence
 from dataclasses import dataclass, field
 from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Any
 
 from pydantic_ai import Agent
 
 if TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from pydantic_ai.messages import BinaryContent
+
     from haiku.rag.client import HaikuRAG
+    from haiku.rag.config.models import ModelConfig
     from haiku.rag.sandbox import AnalysisResult
     from haiku.rag.store.models.citation import Citation
 
@@ -14,10 +18,28 @@ class _AgentDeps:
     state: dict[str, Any] = field(default_factory=dict)
 
 
+def _build_user_prompt(
+    question: str,
+    images: Sequence[bytes] | None,
+    model_config: "ModelConfig",
+) -> "str | list[str | BinaryContent]":
+    if not images:
+        return question
+    if not model_config.vision:
+        raise ValueError(
+            f"Model {model_config.provider}:{model_config.name} is not configured "
+            "for vision (set `vision: true` on the model config to pass images)."
+        )
+    from haiku.rag.utils import image_binary_content
+
+    return [question, *(image_binary_content(data) for data in images)]
+
+
 async def ask(
     client: "HaikuRAG",
     question: str,
     filter: str | None = None,
+    images: Sequence[bytes] | None = None,
 ) -> "tuple[str, list[Citation]]":
     """Ask a question against the knowledge base via the RAG capability.
 
@@ -25,6 +47,8 @@ async def ask(
         client: The HaikuRAG client.
         question: The question to ask.
         filter: SQL WHERE clause to filter documents.
+        images: Raw image bytes attached to the question (requires a
+            vision-capable QA model).
 
     Returns:
         Tuple of (answer text, list of resolved citations).
@@ -44,6 +68,7 @@ async def ask(
     deps = _AgentDeps(
         state={"rag": RAGState(document_filter=filter).model_dump(mode="json")}
     )
+    user_prompt = _build_user_prompt(question, images, client._config.qa.model)
     model = get_model(client._config.qa.model, client._config)
     agent = Agent(
         model,
@@ -51,7 +76,7 @@ async def ask(
         instructions=AGENT_PREAMBLE,
         capabilities=[capability],
     )
-    result = await agent.run(question, deps=deps)
+    result = await agent.run(user_prompt, deps=deps)
     state = RAGState.model_validate(deps.state["rag"])
     citations = [
         state.citation_index[cid]
@@ -65,6 +90,7 @@ async def analyze(
     client: "HaikuRAG",
     question: str,
     filter: str | None = None,
+    images: Sequence[bytes] | None = None,
 ) -> "AnalysisResult":
     """Answer a question using the analysis capability.
 
@@ -76,6 +102,8 @@ async def analyze(
         client: The HaikuRAG client.
         question: The question to answer.
         filter: SQL WHERE clause to filter documents during searches.
+        images: Raw image bytes attached to the question (requires a
+            vision-capable analysis model).
 
     Returns:
         AnalysisResult with the answer and resolved citations.
@@ -94,15 +122,15 @@ async def analyze(
             "analysis": AnalysisState(document_filter=filter).model_dump(mode="json")
         }
     )
-    model = get_model(
+    model_config = client._config.analysis.model or client._config.qa.model
-        client._config.analysis.model or client._config.qa.model, client._config
+    user_prompt = _build_user_prompt(question, images, model_config)
-    )
+    model = get_model(model_config, client._config)
     agent = Agent(
         model,
         deps_type=_AgentDeps,
         capabilities=[capability],
     )
-    result = await agent.run(question, deps=deps)
+    result = await agent.run(user_prompt, deps=deps)
     state = AnalysisState.model_validate(deps.state["analysis"])
     citations = [
         state.citation_index[cid]

haiku_rag_slim/haiku/rag/utils.py

@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Any, cast
 from packaging.version import Version, parse
 
 if TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from pydantic_ai.messages import BinaryContent
     from pydantic_ai.profiles.openai import OpenAIModelProfile
     from rich.console import RenderableType
 
@@ -37,6 +38,21 @@ def cosine_similarity(vec1: list[float], vec2: list[float]) -> float:
     return dot_product / (norm1 * norm2)
 
 
+def image_binary_content(data: bytes) -> "BinaryContent":
+    """Wrap raw image bytes as BinaryContent with the sniffed media type."""
+    from io import BytesIO
+
+    from PIL import Image as PILImage
+    from PIL import UnidentifiedImageError
+    from pydantic_ai.messages import BinaryContent
+
+    try:
+        fmt = PILImage.open(BytesIO(data)).format or "PNG"
+    except UnidentifiedImageError as e:
+        raise ValueError("data is not a recognizable image") from e
+    return BinaryContent(data=data, media_type=f"image/{fmt.lower()}")
+
+
 def apply_common_settings(
     settings: Any | None,
     settings_class: type[Any],

tests/test_ask_images.py

@@ -0,0 +1,103 @@
+from io import BytesIO
+from pathlib import Path
+
+import pytest
+from PIL import Image as PILImage
+from pydantic_ai import Agent
+from pydantic_ai.messages import BinaryContent
+
+from haiku.rag.client import HaikuRAG
+from haiku.rag.config import AppConfig
+from haiku.rag.utils import image_binary_content
+
+
+def make_image_bytes(fmt: str) -> bytes:
+    buffer = BytesIO()
+    PILImage.new("RGB", (4, 4), color="red").save(buffer, format=fmt)
+    return buffer.getvalue()
+
+
+def test_image_binary_content_sniffs_media_type():
+    png = image_binary_content(make_image_bytes("PNG"))
+    assert isinstance(png, BinaryContent)
+    assert png.media_type == "image/png"
+    assert image_binary_content(make_image_bytes("JPEG")).media_type == "image/jpeg"
+
+
+def test_image_binary_content_rejects_non_image_bytes():
+    with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="not a recognizable image"):
+        image_binary_content(b"definitely not an image")
+
+
+@pytest.fixture
+def captured_run(monkeypatch):
+    """Capture the user prompt passed to Agent.run without running a model."""
+    captured: dict = {}
+
+    async def fake_run(self, user_prompt, **kwargs):
+        captured["user_prompt"] = user_prompt
+
+        class Result:
+            output = "answer"
+
+        return Result()
+
+    monkeypatch.setattr(Agent, "run", fake_run)
+    return captured
+
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_ask_without_images_passes_plain_string(temp_db_path: Path, captured_run):
+    async with HaikuRAG(temp_db_path, config=AppConfig(), create=True) as client:
+        await client.ask("What is this?")
+    assert captured_run["user_prompt"] == "What is this?"
+
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_ask_with_images_passes_binary_content(temp_db_path: Path, captured_run):
+    config = AppConfig()
+    config.qa.model.vision = True
+    png = make_image_bytes("PNG")
+    async with HaikuRAG(temp_db_path, config=config, create=True) as client:
+        await client.ask("What is in this image?", images=[png])
+    prompt = captured_run["user_prompt"]
+    assert prompt[0] == "What is in this image?"
+    assert isinstance(prompt[1], BinaryContent)
+    assert prompt[1].data == png
+    assert prompt[1].media_type == "image/png"
+
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_ask_with_images_requires_vision_model(temp_db_path: Path):
+    config = AppConfig()
+    config.qa.model.vision = False
+    async with HaikuRAG(temp_db_path, config=config, create=True) as client:
+        with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="vision"):
+            await client.ask("What is this?", images=[make_image_bytes("PNG")])
+
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_analyze_with_images_passes_binary_content(
+    temp_db_path: Path, captured_run
+):
+    config = AppConfig()
+    config.qa.model.vision = True
+    jpeg = make_image_bytes("JPEG")
+    async with HaikuRAG(temp_db_path, config=config, create=True) as client:
+        await client.analyze("Does this image match?", images=[jpeg])
+    prompt = captured_run["user_prompt"]
+    assert prompt[0] == "Does this image match?"
+    assert isinstance(prompt[1], BinaryContent)
+    assert prompt[1].media_type == "image/jpeg"
+
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_analyze_with_images_checks_analysis_model_vision(temp_db_path: Path):
+    from haiku.rag.config.models import ModelConfig
+
+    config = AppConfig()
+    config.qa.model.vision = True
+    config.analysis.model = ModelConfig(provider="openai", name="m", vision=False)
+    async with HaikuRAG(temp_db_path, config=config, create=True) as client:
+        with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="vision"):
+            await client.analyze("Does this match?", images=[make_image_bytes("PNG")])